Principle of Project Management

Question: Discuss about the Principle of Project Management. Answer: The post has been highly effective to compare as well as contrast between the usages of different standards within the organization. In this context it has been identified that PMBok is the most effective to be familiar with the standardized process of any project management. It includes nine most crucial areas of project management, which are quality management, communications management, risk management, procurement management, human resources management, cost management, time management, scope management and integration management (Snyder, 2014). At the same time, Prince2 is the most wide spread practice methodology that promotes a structural business approach within the organization. Application of Prince2 effectively enhances the team coordination be making everyone aware of the project goals, responsibilities, quality requirement, stages as well as performance requirement. On the other hand, the ISO standard is effective for enabling the organization to understand the relations hip between discipline and business environment. Similarly, every industry adheres to any standards to maintain its level of effectiveness and quality. The application of these standards in global, cross cultural as well as international platform has been succinctly depicted in this post. It has been appropriately reflected that the standard itself would not be affected due to the change of platform. However, the policies under the standard must be used differently to accommodate different workforce (Burke, 2013). In addition to that, the post has identified that management approach and structure need to modified in order to enhance the effectiveness and flexibility within the team to accomplish the project in a dynamic, albeit collaborative manner. The post has attempted to compare and contrast the major standards used in various industry for project management. Although the post has been effective to provide necessary information regarding the each standard, it has failed to draw necessary argument to depict the comparative evaluation of these standards. The post has also failed to address the key features of each standard to draw an argument in the context of their relevance in the project management. The post needed to state the benefits of these standards for using in project management so that the comparison can be drawn from the level of effectiveness of these standards. It has been wrongfully stated that as PMBok and Prince2 is compatible, they have no difference between them. It has been observed that while PMBok largely comprises with knowledge of project management, Prince2 focuses on the execution of the project in a controlled environment. ISO 21500, on the other hand provides distinct norms to followed by the organ ization to have a greater efficiency and safety within the projects (Too Weaver, 2014). The post has been failed to provide necessary information regarding the application of these standards in the global, cross cultural as well as international platform. The post needed to present how the standards interact with each of the platforms at the time of executing the project. It could have been stated that although the project standards are not affected with the change of platform, the underlying processes need to be modified according to the requirement of the project and accommodation of the workforce (Kerzner, 2013). Reference List: Burke, R. (2013). Project management: planning and control techniques.New Jersey, USA. Kerzner, H. (2013).Project management: a systems approach to planning, scheduling, and controlling. John Wiley Sons. Snyder, C. S. (2014). A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge: PMBOK () Guide. Project Management Institute. Too, E. G., Weaver, P. (2014). The management of project management: A conceptual framework for project governance.International Journal of Project Management,32(8), 1382-1394.

Contingency Plan & Its Implementation â€Free Samples For Students

Question: Discuss About The Contingency Plan And Its Implementation? Answer: Introducation Being the Senior Accountant of Big Red Bicycle Pty Ltd., as per the analysis of budget variance report, the following conclusions have been drawn : There is an irregularity in the company as the gross profit ratio is negative in three quarters while it is positive in third quarter (Berman, Knight and Case, 2013). The net profit variance is more than the half in the first quarter but shows a reduction of 31.88% which is still negative and suddenly shows a good % in third quarter, i.e.,52.92% but drastically decreases in the fourth quarter shoeing a negative variance % of 49.84%. Though the income and expenses cannot be accurately determined while preparing budgets, however, it shows an approximate values and 10% fall or excess is acceptable. However, such variations in net profit shows that the problem exists in the internal environment of the company as positive results are being observed in the third quarter but high negative percentages in other quarters along with the fact that variances in expenses are not more than 5% whether positive or negative (Bragg, 2014). After a clear analysis of the internal environment, following observations, that acts as the major problems for such negative results, were made : The major problems lies with the employees working under the company. The employees aren't loyal enough to their jobs leading to unnecessary idle time as well as distraction from their commitment as done in the contract (Brigham and Ehrhardt, 2017). The employees responsible for looking after the basic raw materials necessities just overlooked the wastage of water, materials, electricity, etc. The sale team members were happy about the incentive programs and worked hard in the third quarter. However, due to threatening tone of emails lose their morale and became casual about their jobs and the results of such lost interest could be reflected well in the fourth quarter when compared with the third quarter (Gitman and Zutter, 2012). The training orientations were useful to some but made no difference as such to the entire personnel. The 50% of fixed direct wages were of the short term contracts employees where the contracts have already expired the employees no longer exists. The employees weren't really active and it may be because they didn't feel good about the company's policies and therefore, felt being not a part of business decisions but just mere workers who are to just follow the instructions of the top management. The above stated problems are clearly related to the personnel of the company because of which the company is facing such problems. Employees are the most important assets of the company as without a proper team, no business can prosper. Therefore, a revised contingency plan and a contingency implementation plan is required to be formulated. The contingency plan consists of the activities/strategies to be adopted so as to minimize the risk and reduce the variations as well as steps towards the targeted goals. The targets of the company could be well specified along with the steps to be implemented so as to fulfill such targets : As the economic conditions are going to deteriorate, the sales volume are expected to fall down by 20%. The company can accept a maximum of 10% variations in profits and therefore, a quarterly variation report is to be made to analyze the expenses and income and shortfall of profit variations over 10% so as to formulate required actions to be taken. The implementation of effective training orientation classes so as to boost the confidence and morale values of the employees and instill a feeling of dedication towards their jobs. For this, certain incentives programs are to be established too so as to reward the true efforts and motivate the other employees. Such training classes would be mandatory for the entire personnel to attend as a new approach would be adopted to conduct training processes (Garrison, Noreen and Brewer, 2012). Where the management will take such positive steps to encourage the staffing team, on the same hand, it would also implement certain strict actions as stated below It would make warning calls emails to employees that they may not take their fixed wages for granted and therefore, act resentful as and when they wish. Such behaviour would lead to losing of the job at one shot. The employees are not going to be allowed overtime period as such policies makes them casual and thereby, not completing the targets on time. Therefore, the company's ultimate demand from employees is hard-work, loyalty deduction towards the company's goals as that would be benefitting them only later on (Hoyle, Schaefer and Doupnik, 2015). The management would also be asking for employees suggestions and observation reports on a time-to-time basis so as to give them a feeling of belongingness and also, what lower management faces is often overlooked unintentionally by the top management (Ehrhardt and Brigham, 2011). Therefore, it would be a good practice to analyze the issues and the internal environment as a whole. The company would be announcing an increment in commission from 2% to 2.5% so as to encourage sale team members to make more sales in the market as already, the company is expecting a downfall of 20% in its sales volume. Therefore, to control the downfall, it has to encourage its sales members. To compensate for the poor performance of one product, the company is also targeting towards diversifying its range of products so as to improve the performance of the company. Also, the company is thinking of considering the manufacturing overseas so as to take an advantage of reduced costs (Cafferky, 2014). The key to success is the team members working behind to achieve such goals. Therfore, the company, targeting towards success has to first start from itself, i.e.,its internal environment whether it is effective in nature or not and then, jump onto the external markets. The variances in profits could be well visualized from the budget reports and the market conditions, together calls for an urgent requirement of a contingency plan to be implemented so as to save the company from suffering such adverse effects and obligations in the future period of time. The company is set to implement the above stated plans and is looking forward to improve its results and make enough profits as per their set targets. References Berman, K., Knight, J. and Case, J. (2013). Financial intelligence. 1st ed. Boston, Mass.: Harvard Business Review Press. Bragg, S. (2014). Corporate cash management. 1st ed. Centennial: Accounting Tools. Brigham, E. and Ehrhardt, M. (2017). Financial management. 1st ed. Boston, MA, USA: Cengage Learning. Cafferky, M. (2014). Breakeven analysis. 1st ed. New York: Business Expert Press Ehrhardt, M. and Brigham, E. (2011). Financial management. 1st ed. Mason: South-Western Cengage Learning. Garrison, R., Noreen, E. and Brewer, P. (2012). Managerial accounting. 1st ed. New York, N.Y.: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Gitman, L. and Zutter, C. (2012). Principles of managerial finance. 1st ed. England: Pearson Education Limited. Hoyle, J., Schaefer, T. and Doupnik, T. (2015). Advanced accounting. 1st ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education.

Influence Physical Environment on Human Psychology

Table of Contents Introduction Background Current state Development problems in this scenario Suggested interventions Conclusion Reference List Introduction Physical environment where people live and grow up is certainly one of the main sources of factors that affects directly or indirectly development of a person through various development stages (Richardson 2000). For instance, natural calamities such as Hurricane Katrina which occurred in New Orleans interrupts with peoples lifes in a manner that adversely affects their social, biological, psychological, psycho-social and cognitive development of different-aged people.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Influence Physical Environment on Human Psychology specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Patrick is one of the people whose lifes were interrupted with by the deadly Hurricane Katrina. This calamity forced him to live temporary in Texas from where they later moved to New Jersey before going back to New Orleans three years later. Patrick is twelve years old and he has serious behavioural problems that concern not only his parents but also his teachers who have already alerted his parents to be vigilant especially when their son is at home. The purpose of this paper is to discuss how Patrick’s cognitive, social, psychological and psycho-social development problems can be solved in order to heal his behavioural problems at home and in school. Background Human growth and development occurs through different stages during a person’s lifetime from conception till when he or she dies. Late childhood and early adolescence are some of the developmental stages that are characterized by a lot of social, biological, psychological, psycho-social and cognitive changes in a child’s development. The intensity and sudden change of children behaviour, temperament and personality during this development phase explains most of parents conce rns and fears during therapeutic consultations. Parents often report that their recently calm and contained child is no longer as reasonable or reliable as they were just a few months before. At this particular growth and development stage most children’s sense of self begins to come into shape amid various psychological, psycho-social and cognitive changes that the child is not aware of and does not understand (Meggitt 2006). Some feel that they are grown up enough and should be free from their parental control and guidance. In other words, they start clamoring for freedom of choice. One of the factors that control these changes is the cognitive development of a child (Meggitt 2006). Cognitive changes result in more than just conflicts of interests between early adolescents and their parents.Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More These changes occur against a given background of ex ternal factors such as peer pressure and childhood exposure to traumatic experiences like the one Patrick encountered through Hurricane Katrina when he was still a child. This can be worsened by socio-economic challenges and problems that Patrick and his family are facing currently. Such an encounter brings the child a lot of frustrating and painful experiences and if it is not immediately and properly handled it leads to relationship problems between a child and his or her parents and others like teachers and colleagues later in life. He or she may have problems trusting any one during late childhood and early adolescence development stages and may want to do as he or she wishes thereby becoming inattentive, hostile, rude, and disobedient and in some circumstances withdrawn and alienated. These circumstances makes them want to experiment with many things some dangerous like drug abuse and premarital sex most of which are informed by poor decisions. As a result, they develop anti-so cial habits and bad behaviours which becomes the source of their parents and teachers concern, fear and distress. Such habits include delinquency which is discussed in this paper with an example of Patrick. Current state In this scenario, Patrick, a twelve years old boy is passing through a turbulent development stage. His parents have reported that their recently lovable and obedient child has turned into an emotional tyrant who slams door whenever angry, bullies his classmates in school and exhibits lawlessness. He has become quite intensively indecisive and has a worrying negative outlook. Patrick’s parents are horrified with this poor development.  Patrick is in a transitional development stage between late childhood and early adolescence. As mentioned in the previous section, his ego is coming into form against a background of various biological changes which are taking place and will continue taking place through out the adolescence stage. Unfortunately, these develop ment changes are taking place within a context of frustrating socio-economic circumstances which can potentially cause psychological and psychosocial problems which can in turn be the root cause of his bad behaviours. This is explained by possibilities of unrealization of his basic needs of survival, belonging, love, power, freedom and fun (Holt and Kysilka, 2005).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Influence Physical Environment on Human Psychology specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Patrick’s behaviour has caused his parents enough misery. His persistent defiance of authority has cost his parents enough already in terms of money, school problems and other societal troubles. His habits have extended more and more beyond the confines of his life at home and even in school. If Patrick’s behavioural problems will not be checked early enough, his bad behaviour will spill over to the domain of criminal syste m and even to the courts now or later on in life (Herbert 2005). Now his parents want some calmness and sanity in their home life, his school life and social life. They are tired of being called over and over again by his teachers to solve cases of bullying, breaking common sense school rules and other bad behaviors. His parents have been encountered severally with the threat of their twelve-years-old son being taken to a rehabilitation facility or be sued in children’s courts due to unruly behaviour. Patrick’s bad behaviours have actually prompted the engagement of professional counseling in order to try and correct the circumstances surrounding this issue. Development problems in this scenario The development problems in this scenario actually fall between the late childhood stage and the early adolescence stage. Transition to adolescence comes along with the development and establishment of a clear sense of identity. There are actually three aspects of identity that particularly concern teenagers (Meggitt 2006). They include the way they see their present abilities, status and roles. The second aspect is the way the teenagers accept their body images, a favorable representation of what it is like, and how it looks to others. The third aspect is the fulfillment of their aspirations for themselves so that they become what they would like to become (Meggitt 2006). It should be noted that adolescence is the period that begins in the psychological changes of puberty and ends at an indefinite time, when the young person is supposedly both mature and independent-as defined by a variety of social and economic indicators. Such indicators include completion of schooling, the attainment of economic independence, personal status, duties, and privileges. It also includes the right to bear arms and the right to marry. If these changes take place in frustrating socio-economic circumstances like in Patrick’s case, psychological and psycho-social proble ms may occur thereby leading behavioural problems.Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Patrick is facing serious social development problems which are closely related to their current economic status which was brought about by the losses they incurred as a result of Hurricane Katrina. This unfortunate tragedy interrupted with their former comfortable lifestyles which were relatively comfortable and happier. This may be the cause of his bad behaviours resulting from unrealilsation of one or more of his basic needs of survival, belonging, love, power, freedom and fun. According Glasser, one of the greatest psychologists of our age, more than ninety percent of all bad behaviours in children and students are a result of misguided efforts of children to achieve power (Holt and Kysilka, 2005). In addition, since Hurricane Katrina occurred when he was younger may be his parents never took the necessary measures of treating trauma since they were not aware of the long term problems that it may latter cause their child and therefore he never came to terms with it fully. Social ly related behavioural problems are actually common in many adolescents. As children approach the age of adolescence, they grow stronger, they become more assertive and some of them become more rebellious. Consequently, delinquency becomes one of the most notorious adolescent behavioural problems. Suggested interventions Patrick’s problems are largely social and psycho-social. This explains his misbehaviour and delinquency at school and home. There are a number of correctional interventions that his parents and teachers can adopt in order to instruct him in good behaviours and help him accept realities of their current life in relation to the Hurricane Katrina tragedy. Ginott put forward what has been termed to as theories of congruent or harmonious communication between teachers, parents, administrators and students/children (Taylor Nixon, 2004). His theory known simply as the Ginott Model is founded up on interpersonal relations and communication between children, students and parents and teachers. His model recommends that teachers should embrace an approach that makes students feel recognized, respected and accepted (Taylor Nixon, 2004). His theory provides strategies for teachers to build and develop self-confidence, self-esteem and deemphasize frustration and fear in classroom. He supports the concept that teachers should always attack the problem and not the student (Taylor Nixon, 2004). Therefore, teachers should avoid at all costs labeling and negative criticism because labeled students tend to exhibit what they have been labeled a trend which can encourage bad behaviours.Ginnot proposed that teachers should shun too much criticism and instead they should provide recommendations and advise and make succinct statements to students geared towards improving their academic and co-curricular performances and seek their input and to correct behaviour (Taylor Nixon, 2004). The main idea behind his theory is functional and supportive relationships between teachers, parents, Children and students.  Patrick’s parents input are as important as his teachers’ efforts. They too should embrace a communication and relational approach that instills hope in their son when he is at home. They should help their son understand that irrespective of what happened to their lives thanks to Hurricane Katrina all is not lost and assure him that a brighter future awaits him if he will chose to focus his energy and time towards relevant and constructive activities at school and while at home. They should create an environment that makes him feel safe and secure –socially, emotional and physically. They should show recognition and respect in order to support proper growth and development of his self esteem and self confidence and ego. For instance, they should seek his opinion on all family plans and matters where necessary. Doing so will make him feel that he too counts and that his parents has trust in his opinions and tho ughts. This will in turn encourage him to embrace and nurture a positive outlook towards life. They should also avoid attacking the person of Patrick and instead they should wisely attack problems facing their son consistently without letting emotions cloud their relationships with him. They should maintain a healthy communication with their son and let him understand that they have faith in his ability to take care of himself in their absence (Taylor Nixon, 2004).They should constantly guide him on how to chose friends wisely. Also they should let him know that they all doing all that is in their powers and ability in order to make sure, that he lives a comfortable life like others. Therefore, they should be free to share with him about their incomes and financial challenges. This will in turn encourage him to share with them his fears, worries and hopes about his present and future life. Conclusion To conclude, the transitional stage between late childhood and early adolescence i s characterized by a lot of changes during a child’s development. The level and sudden changes in a child’s behaviour and personality can be overwhelming for parents, teachers and the wider society. However, if problems arising from this turbulent stage are noted earlier and handled with care and seriousness they require, parent and teachers can successfully manage social, biological, psychological, psycho-social and cognitive development of their children and instruct their students and children in good behavior as they approach young adulthood which also has its challenges. Experts in psychology as well as educationists should investigate further on ways that can be used to minimize negative effects of natural calamities up on the social, biological, psychological, psycho-social and cognitive development growth and development of children when they occur. Reference List Herbert, M. (2005). Development Problems of Childhood and Adolescence: Prevention, Treatment. Vict oria: Blackwell Publishing. Holt, Larry C. and Kysilka, M. (2005). Instructional patterns: strategies for maximizing student learning. New York, NY: SAGE. Meggitt, C. (2006). Child Development: An Illustrated Guide. Oxford: Heinemann Education Publishers. Richardson, K. (2000). Developmental Psychology: How Nature and Nurture interact. London: MacMillan Press Ltd. Schave, D., Schave, B. (1989). Early Adolescence and the Search for Self: A Developmental Perspective. New York: Praeger Publishers. Taylor, George R. Nixon. (2004). Practical application of classroom management theories into strategies. Lanham, MD: University Press of America. This essay on Influence Physical Environment on Human Psychology was written and submitted by user Rashad Gomez to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Using Sample Critical Analysis Essay Examples

Using Sample Critical Analysis Essay ExamplesUsing sample critical analysis essay examples is a great way to learn the theory behind it. To put it simply, critical analysis is an analytical process that tries to figure out what the meaning of the material is. This can be done by using an essay like this in many different ways to see what people say about the work. They can use it as a sample for their own work or even for their own classes.It's not hard to find these essay examples because there are many places online. Many schools and colleges will have essays that they can use as a starting point for learning this subject matter. There are also other types of programs that offer sample essays that you can use to help you study for your exam.There are several good reasons to use this material. You can always refer back to it later as a refresher for when you get stuck on an area. This is also a good tool to have in case you need to review a lesson from a class or a teacher. Being ab le to refer back to your study materials is a valuable tool for any student.One of the most popular reasons to use it is to help you figure out what your next steps should be. For example, if you're trying to figure out if a thesis statement is valid you can look at the sample essay to see what it says. In this case, you may want to revise it and take it to a writing class so that you can practice the idea more fully. If you're unsure about something, you can also just read through the work to see how it sounds and then decide for yourself.Some students also use critical analysis as a way to see how their work compares to other similar topics. If you're dealing with the written analysis of another piece of literature, you can look at the sample essay to see how it compares to the other works that are comparable to it. For example, if you're writing about a book in a school paper, you can look at the analysis from that paper.While you can look at a few different aspects of the work, it's always best to read the whole thing at once. This gives you a better idea of how it all fits together and gives you a better feel for how it should be delivered. The best way to do this is to take notes as you read it and keep them handy.Another major benefit of using this type of essay is that it's extremely quick to complete. Once you've got the general idea of what's expected, it's not difficult to write it up. You can complete the essay in only a couple of hours as opposed to weeks that it could take you otherwise.The reason why so many people like to use these essay examples is because they're very easy to use. They don't take up much time and make it easy to actually read the work over again and give some feedback. If you're looking for a quick way to start improving your grades, this is the best option available.

Definition and Discussion of the Minutes of a Meeting

Definition and Discussion of the Minutes of a Meeting In business writing, minutes are the official written record of a meeting. Minutes serve as a permanent record of  the topics considered, conclusions reached, actions taken, and assignments given.   Minutes may be kept by any individual in attendance at a meeting and are usually distributed to all members of the unit represented at the meeting.Minutes are generally written in the simple past tense. The Main Parts of Meeting Minutes Many organizations use a standard template or a special format for keeping minutes, and the order of the parts may vary. HeadingThe name of the committee (or other unit) and the date, location, and starting time of the meeting.ParticipantsThe name of the person conducting the meeting along with the names of all those who attended the meeting (including guests) and those who were excused from attending.Approval of previous minutesA note on whether the minutes of the previous meeting were approved and whether any corrections were made.Action items (including unfinished business from the previous meeting)A report on each topic discussed at the meeting. (For each item, note the subject of the discussion, the name of the person who led the discussion, and any decisions that may have been reached.)AnnouncementsA report on any announcements made by participants, including proposed agenda items for the next meeting.Next MeetingA note on where and when the next meeting will be held.AdjournmentA note on the time the meeting ended.Signature lineThe name of the person who prepared the minutes and the date they wer e submitted. Observations A good set of minutes  can give the group a sense of progress; incoherent jottings (which may more closely resemble verbatim transcripts) leave everyone bewildered.(David R. Buchanan, An Ethic for Health Promotion: Rethinking the Sources of Human Well-Being. Oxford University Press,  2000)In writing minutes, be clear, comprehensive, objective, and diplomatic. Do not interpret what happened; simply report it. Because meetings rarely follow the agenda perfectly, you might find it challenging to provide an accurate record of the meeting. If necessary, interrupt the discussion to request clarification.Do not record emotional exchanges between participants. Because minutes are the official record of the meeting, you want them to reflect positively on the participants and the organization.(Mike Markel, Technical Communication, 9th ed. Bedford/St. Martins, 2010)Guidelines for Writing Meeting Minutes- The recorder should be able to write the minutes in near final form as the meeting prog resses.- The minutes should focus on results and agreed-on actions. . . .- The minutes should be highly summarized, not a burden to read. Be brief; summarize outcomes and points of agreement and disagreement; dont record detailed input.- Avoid writing minutes for the purpose of informing those absent from the meeting.- Write the minutes soon after the meeting and distribute them promptly (within a day or two).(Murray Hiebert and Bruce Klatt, The Encyclopedia of Leadership: A Practical Guide to Popular Leadership. McGraw-Hill, 2001) The Lighter Side of Minutes Russell Stringer  Bell:  [W]hat is that?Sean Shamrock  McGinty: Robert Rules say we gotta have minutes for a meeting, right? These the minutes.Russell Stringer Bell:  [I]s you taking notes on a criminal . . . conspiracy?(Idris Elba and Richard Burton in Straight and True. The Wire, 2004)

Mathematics.Games for drill and practice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Mathematics.Games for drill and practice - Essay Example Since 1989, the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics has developed standards for Mathematics in the schools. Pre-Kindergarten through Grade 12 are included in these standards that relate to instruction, classroom materials, and student evaluation.The NCTM standards are more specific and detailed models of teaching procedures. The NCTM standards describe specific ways base ten blocks and other manipulative can be used to help students understand the certain concepts within the standards. In this essay four different activities are described.In this particular game each student begins with 20 fish out of water. Each player rolls a die and counts out that many fish to return to the fish bowl. The first player to return all 20 of his/her fish to the bowl wins the game. The materials used are foam fish cutouts and a plastic bowl for a more realistic version of the game or download the directions, game mat and center icons for Fish out of Water.This game is designed especially for t he pre-kindergarten kids who are very new to numbers and help children understand basic number concepts thus helping them to develop the number sense of basic counting. Also, the activity enhances the kid's ability to recognize the numbers better and remember them for a longer period of time.The set of instructions given for this game are very simple and easy to comprehend for the kids who are just learning to recognize the numbers. For example the instructor can show a video of the activity and then play with the help of the instructor and finally let them play on their own. The second activity is called Addition Top-It: This game can be played by two to three players and the materials required are: a set of number cards with four cards each of the numbers 0-10, a penny which is optional in the game. A player shuffles the cards and places the deck number-side down on the playing surface. Each player turns over two cards and calls out their sum. The player with the highest sum wins the round and takes all the cards. In the case of a tie, each player turns over two more cards and calls out their sum. The player with the highest sum then takes all the cards from both plays. Play ends when not enough cards are left for each player to have another turn. The player with the most cards wins the game. There is an option available with the game which allows the children to toss a penny to determine whether the player with the most or the fewest cards wins. The other variations are also available with this game are as follows: 1. Use a set of double-nine dominoes instead of a set of number cards to generate addition problems then place the dominoes facedown on the playing surface. Each player turns over a domino and calls out the sum of the dots on the two halves. The winner of a round takes all the dominoes then in play. 2. To practice addition with three addends, use three cards and play the same as described above. This game is suited for the students in grade one where they begin to learn the basic concept of addition, subtraction, multiplication etc. The number sense that the player is the addition of numbers which is the second step after the children can recognize the basic numbers and are ready to do more complex activities with the numbers. Also, by practicing these kind of exercises skills like calculator skills, money exchange and shopping skills, logic, geometric intuition, and intuition about probability and chance because many games involve numbers that are generated randomly are reinforced within the children. The instructions given at this level are easy and simple and also less as compared to the instructions given for the first activity as the understanding of the children increase. For example the teacher can display the video of the game and then allow them to take drills of the activity according to the comfort of the students like practicing it during breaks or

Germany Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Germany - Essay Example The listener does not understand the gravity of situation when listening to a speech full of words like â€Å"please† and â€Å"may†. On the other hand, German expression also has its cons. It is quite likely to offend the listener, though I like their expression because it is straightforward and truthful. I like the sense of responsibility Germans display in their work. Whatever task they undertake, they try their level best to accomplish it within the deadline. Also, Germans try to do the work rightly and do it with utmost sincerity, so that the final product comes out nice, though Americans are also no less sincere with their work. However, Americans are not as respectful towards the deadlines of work as Germans are. Germans respect their elders. It is part of their culture. Elders are given due respect and reverence and they are taken care of. Although most Americans do this as well, yet Germans are generally more prudent than Americans in this respect. Works cited: â€Å"Truth and Duty.† Culture Smart! Germany. pp. 41-42.